Inkinga enkulu ehlobene ne-HTML yokubuka indawo yokubuka ibe usayizi we-smartphone ukuthi ingabangela iwebhusayithi ukuthi ingaphenduli noma ibonise ngokungalungile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma indawo yokubuka ishintshwa, iwebhusayithi ingase ingalungiselelwa usayizi wesikrini esincane futhi ingase ingakwazi ukwehlisela phansi ngokufanelekile okuqukethwe kwayo. Ukwengeza, ezinye izici zingase zingasebenzi kahle kusayizi wesikrini omncane, njengamamenyu okuzulazula noma izici ezisebenzisanayo.
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
1. Lo mugqa wekhodi i-meta tag, ehlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nedokhumenti ye-HTML esipheqululini.
2. Igama lihlelelwe ukuthi “imbobo yokubuka”, etshela isiphequluli ukuthi le thegi iqukethe ulwazi mayelana nendlela ikhasi okufanele liboniswe ngayo kumadivayisi ahlukene.
3. Isibaluli sokuqukethwe sisethelwe ku-“width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0”, esitshela isiphequluli ukuthi kufanele sisebenzise ububanzi bedivayisi njengobubanzi bekhasi futhi sibunyuse phezulu noma phansi ukusuka lapho uma kudingeka.
I-Web Design Ephendulayo
Idizayini yewebhu ephendulayo iyindlela yokwakheka kwewebhu eyenza amakhasi ewebhu anikeze kahle kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene namawindi noma osayizi besikrini. Isebenzisa inhlanganisela yamagridi nezakhiwo eziguquguqukayo, izithombe kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlakaniphile kwemibuzo yemidiya ye-CSS. Amawebhusayithi aphendulayo aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokubuka okuphelele—ukufunda okulula nokuzulazula ngobuncane bokushintsha usayizi, ukuphena, nokuskrola—kumadivayisi anhlobonhlobo (kusuka kumamonitha ekhompuyutha yedeskithophu kuya kumakhalekhukhwini).
Ku-HTML, ukwakheka okuphendulayo kungafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa amasu alandelayo:
• Amagridi aguquguqukayo - Ukusebenzisa amayunithi ahlobene njengamaphesenti noma ama-ems esikhundleni samayunithi anobubanzi obugxilile njengamaphikseli wezinto zesakhiwo kuvumela ikhasi ukuthi livumelane nezimo ukuze livumelane nosayizi abahlukahlukene besikrini.
• Imibuzo yemidiya – Imibuzo yemidiya ye-CSS3 ivumela onjiniyela ukuthi bacacise izitayela ezihlukene zobubanzi bedivayisi obuhlukile. Lokhu kuvumela isakhiwo sekhasi ukuthi silungise ngokufanele kuye ngokuthi idivayisi esetshenziswayo.
• Izithombe eziphendulayo - Izithombe zingenziwa ziphendule ngokusebenzisa isibaluli se-srcset ku-HTML5 esivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bacacise izinguqulo eziningi zesithombe ngezinqumo ezihlukene zamadivayisi ahlukene.
• Amavidiyo aguqukayo - Amavidiyo nawo angenziwa aphendule ngokusebenzisa i-otho-fit impahla ku-CSS evumela abathuthukisi ukuba bacacise ukuthi amavidiyo kufanele akhule kanjani ngaphakathi kweziqukathi zawo kuye ngosayizi wawo.
I-Meta tag yokubuka
I-meta tag yembobo yokubuka iyingxenye ye-HTML etshela isiphequluli ukuthi singalungisa kanjani ubukhulu bekhasi nokukalwa ukuze kuhambisane nedivayisi esetshenziswayo. Isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuthi ikhasi lewebhu libukeka kanjani kumadivayisi ahlukene, njengama-smartphones namathebulethi. I-meta tag yembobo yokubuka ingasetshenziswa ukusetha ububanzi bekhasi lewebhu, ukulikhuphula noma libe phansi, futhi ucacise ukuthi abasebenzisi bavunyelwe yini ukusondeza noma bahlehlise. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukusetha isikali sokuqala, isikali esiphezulu, izakhiwo ezingalinganiswa nomsebenzisi, nokunye.
Ngiyenza kanjani iwebhusayithi yami ilingane nesikrini sefoni yami
Ukwenza iwebhusayithi ilingane nesikrini sefoni ku-HTML, ungasebenzisa i-meta tag yembobo yokubuka. Le thegi ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule ukuthi iwebhusayithi yakho iboniswa kanjani kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene. Ungasetha ububanzi bembobo yokubuka bulingane nobubanzi bedivayisi, ukuze iwebhusayithi yakho izolungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo usayizi wayo ukuze ulingane nesikrini sanoma iyiphi idivayisi. Ukwengeza, ungasebenzisa imibuzo yemidiya kukhodi yakho ye-CSS ukuze uqhubeke wenze ngendlela oyifisayo ukuthi iwebhusayithi yakho ibukeka kanjani kumadivayisi ahlukene.
