Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amamephu e-choropleth asethandwa kakhulu, njengoba enikeza ukumelwa okulula ukukuqonda kwedatha eyinkimbinkimbi ngendlela ecacile nefingqiwe. Imephu ye-choropleth wuhlobo lwemephu enesihloko lapho izindawo zinemibala noma zenziwe iphethini ngokuya ngevelu yokuguquguquka okuthile. Enye yezinselelo ekudaleni lawa mamephu isidingo sokungeza amalebula, angasiza abasebenzisi baqonde ulwazi olumelweyo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola isixazululo sokwengeza amalebula kumamephu we-choropleth sisebenzisa iPython.
Ukwengeza amalebula kumamephu we-choropleth usebenzisa iPython
Umtapo wolwazi ojwayelekile wokudala amamephu we-choropleth ePython I-GeoPandas, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhe futhi basebenzise idatha ye-geospatial. I-GeoPandas inweba okudumile umtapo we-pandas ngokuhlinzeka ngezakhiwo zedatha eziklanyelwe ukusebenza nedatha yendawo. Ukwengeza amalebula kumephu ye-choropleth edalwe nge-GeoPandas, ungasebenzisa i- umathop umtapo wolwazi, umtapo wolwazi osetshenziswa kakhulu ePython.
Umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo wokwengeza amalebula kumephu ye-choropleth ku-Python
Kulesi sigaba, sizohamba ngenqubo yokwengeza amalebula kumephu ye-choropleth sisebenzisa i-Python ne-GeoPandas kanye nemitapo yolwazi ye-matplotlib. Landela lezi zinyathelo:
I-1. Okokuqala, ngenisa imitapo yolwazi edingekayo:
import geopandas as gpd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
2. Funda ifomethi equkethe imingcele yendawo ofuna ukuyisebenzisa kumephu ye-choropleth:
data = gpd.read_file('path/to/your/shapefile.shp')
I-3. Dala imephu ye-choropleth usebenzisa indlela `yeplot` evela kuGeoPandas:
ax = data.plot(column='variable', cmap='coolwarm', legend=True)
Lapho `'okuguquguqukayo'` kumelela ikholomu evela kudatha yakho ofuna ukuyimelela kumephu ye-choropleth, futhi `'i-coolwarm'` iyiphalethi yombala. Ungenza ngokwezifiso iphalethi yombala ngokukhetha ezinye izinketho kusuka ku- ama-matplotlib color schemes.
4. Engeza amalebula kumephu ye-choropleth usebenzisa umsebenzi `we-annotate` kusuka ku-matplotlib:
for x, y, label in zip(data.geometry.centroid.x, data.geometry.centroid.y, data['variable']):
ax.annotate(label, xy=(x, y), xytext=(x, y), color='black', fontsize=8)
Lapha, siphindaphinda nge-centroid ye-polygon ngayinye ku-GeoDataFrame futhi sengeza ilebula (inani lokuguquguquka) kuleso simo.
5. Ekugcineni, khombisa imephu ye-choropleth namalebula:
plt.show()
Ukuqonda i-GeoPandas ne-matplotlib
- I-GeoPandas: I-GeoPandas iwumtapo wezincwadi onamandla owenza ukusebenza ngedatha ye-geospatial ku-Python kube lula futhi kusebenze kahle. Ihlinzeka ngezakhiwo zedatha ezisebenza kahle nama-algorithms okusebenza ngedatha yendawo, okuhlanganisa ikhono lokufunda nokubhala amafomethi ahlukahlukene, ukwenza imisebenzi yendawo, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngenkomba yendawo ethuthukisiwe.
- i-matplotlib: i-matplotlib ingenye yemitapo yolwazi yokubuka idatha edume kakhulu e-Python, enikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinketho zokuhlela. Izinketho zayo ezibanzi zokwenza ngokwezifiso zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhe ukubonwa okuyinkimbinkimbi nokuklanywe kakhulu. Kulesi sihloko, sisebenzise i-matplotlib ngokuhlanganyela ne-GeoPandas ukwengeza amalebula kumephu yethu ye-choropleth.
Sengiphetha, ukwengeza amalebula kumamephu we-choropleth usebenzisa i-Python kuyafezeka ngosizo lwe-GeoPandas nemitapo yolwazi ye-matplotlib. Ngalawa mathuluzi, ungakha izethulo ezibonakalayo ezifundisayo nezicacile zedatha eyinkimbinkimbi, okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuqonda nokuhumusha ulwazi olwethulwa.
