Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iimephu ze-choropleth ziye zanda kakhulu, njengoko zibonelela ngokulula ukubonakaliswa kwedatha enzima ngendlela ecacileyo necacileyo. Imephu yechoropleth luhlobo lwemephu enesihloko apho iindawo zinemibala okanye iipateni ngokwexabiso loguquko oluthile. Omnye wemingeni ekudaleni ezi mephu sisidingo sokongeza iilebhile, ezinokunceda abasebenzisi baqonde ulwazi olumelweyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga isisombululo sokongeza iilebhile kwiimephu ze-choropleth usebenzisa iPython.
Ukongeza iilebhile kwiimephu ze-choropleth usebenzisa iPython
Ilayibrari eqhelekileyo yokudala iimephu ze-choropleth kwiPython yi GeoPandas, evumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze kwaye basebenzise idatha ye-geospatial. I-GeoPandas yandisa edumileyo ilayibrari ye-pandas ngokubonelela ngolwakhiwo lwedatha eyilelwe ngokukodwa ukusebenza neenkcukacha zejografi. Ukongeza iilebhile kwimephu ye-choropleth eyenziwe ngeGeoPandas, ungasebenzisa i matliblib ilayibrari, ilayibrari yokubonwa kwedatha esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiPython.
Isikhokelo senyathelo ngenyathelo lokongeza iilebhile kwimephu ye-choropleth kwiPython
Kweli candelo, siza kuhamba kwinkqubo yokongeza iilebhile kwimephu yechoropleth sisebenzisa iPython kunye neGeoPandas kunye namathala eencwadi e-matplotlib. Landela la manyathelo:
1. Okokuqala, ngenisa ngaphandle amathala eencwadi ayimfuneko:
import geopandas as gpd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
2. Funda ifayile yokumila equlathe imida yejografi ofuna ukuyisebenzisa kwimephu yechoropleth:
data = gpd.read_file('path/to/your/shapefile.shp')
3. Yenza ifayile imephu ye-choropleth usebenzisa `iploti` indlela esuka kwiGeoPandas:
ax = data.plot(column='variable', cmap='coolwarm', legend=True)
Apho `'inguquko'` imele ikholamu esuka kwidatha yakho ofuna ukuyimela kwimephu ye-choropleth, kwaye `'i-coolwarm'` yiphalethi yombala. Unokwenza umbala wemibala ngokukhetha ezinye iinketho kwi izicwangciso zombala ze-matplotlib.
4. Yongeza iilebhile kwimephu ye-choropleth usebenzisa `i-annotate` umsebenzi osuka kwi-matplotlib:
for x, y, label in zip(data.geometry.centroid.x, data.geometry.centroid.y, data['variable']):
ax.annotate(label, xy=(x, y), xytext=(x, y), color='black', fontsize=8)
Apha, siphinda-phinda ngecentroid yepolygon nganye kwiGeoDataFrame kwaye songeza ileyibhile (ixabiso loguquko) kweso sikhundla.
5. Ekugqibeleni, bonisa imephu ye-choropleth neelebhile:
plt.show()
Ukuqonda iGeoPandas kunye ne-matplotlib
- I-GeoPandas: I-GeoPandas yilayibrari enamandla eyenza ukusebenza kunye nedatha ye-geospatial kwi-Python kulula kwaye isebenzayo. Ibonelela ngezakhiwo zedatha ezisebenzayo kunye ne-algorithms yokusebenza neenkcukacha zendawo, kubandakanywa ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala iifomathi ezahlukeneyo, ukwenza imisebenzi yendawo, kunye nokubonelela ngesalathisi esiphezulu sendawo.
- i-matplotlib: i-matplotlib yenye yezona datha zidumileyo zokubonwa kwithala leencwadi ePython, ebonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokucwangcisa. Iinketho zayo ezibanzi zokwenziwa ngokwezifiso zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze iimbonakalo ezintsonkothileyo nezilungelelaniswe kakhulu. Kweli nqaku, sisebenzise i-matplotlib ngokubambisana ne-GeoPandas ukongeza iilebhile kwimephu yethu ye-choropleth.
Ukuqukumbela, ukongeza iileyibhile kwiimephu ze-choropleth usebenzisa iPython kuyenzeka ngoncedo lweGeoPandas kunye namathala eencwadi e-matplotlib. Ngezi zixhobo, unokwenza ulwazi olucacileyo kunye nokubonakaliswa okubonakalayo kwedatha enzima, okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuba baqonde kwaye batolike ulwazi olubonisiweyo.
