Cobol

Enyanisweni, ukwenza i-arithmetic yokubhalisa kwi-COBOL ngamanye amaxesha kunokuzisa umngeni, kodwa lo mngeni unokoyiswa ngokuqonda okufanelekileyo kunye nobuchule bolwimi lweprogram. I-COBOL, isifinyezo soLwimi oluQeqeshayo lwezoShishino, lulwimi lwenkqubo olukwinqanaba eliphezulu kwizicelo zoshishino. Lulwimi olusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zolawulo kwiinkampani noorhulumente. Ngoku, masingene kwisisombululo kwingxaki kwaye siphule ikhowudi ngendlela yenyathelo ngenyathelo.

Funda Okuninzi

Kwihlabathi le-mainframe computing, i-Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM) imile yenza intsika esisiseko. Ivumela ukugcinwa, ukufikelela, kunye nokulawulwa kwedatha ngokubonelela ngemisebenzi ngaphaya kokulandelelana okulula kunye neendlela zokugcina ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo. Ukusebenza ngefayile ye-STATUS i-VSAM ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-Cobol, ulwimi oluphambili lwenkqubo yeshishini.

Njengoko intetho yakudala isitsho, “Ingxaki echazwa kakuhle yingxaki esonjululwe kancinane.” Kule meko, umngeni osoloko udibana nawo xa usebenza ne-STATUS ifayile ye-VSAM iquka ukuphatha iimpazamo kunye nokulawula idatha ngokufanelekileyo. Ngethamsanqa, kunye nokusebenza okunamandla kwe-Cobol kunye nokuqonda ngenyameko indlela i-VSAM esebenza ngayo, le ngxaki iba yinto enzima.

Ukuqonda IIfayile zeVSAM
Masingene kwisisombululo. I-Cobol, ukuba lulwimi oluphezulu, ivumela ukuguqulwa kweefayile ze-VSAM ngokubonelela ngefayile STATUS igatya. Eli gatya linceda ekuphatheni impazamo kwimisebenzi yefayile ye-I/O. Ifomati esemgangathweni yeli solotya ithi `IMEKO YEFILE YIdatha-igama-1`. Kulo mzekelo, `igama-ledatha-1` licandelo lamagama amabini apho unobumba wokuqala ebonisa iwonga elingundoqo, kwaye elesibini lelesizathu esithile (ukuba sikhona).

KHETHA IFILENAME YABELA 'VSAMFILE'
UMBUTHO UKHOKISIWE
INDLELA YOKUFIKELELA NGOKUQHELEKILEYO
IMEKO YEFAYILE YI-WS-VSAM-STATUS.

Igatya leFayile STATUS esetyenziswe apha `WS-VSAM-STATUS`, ebonisa ubume bomsebenzi wefayile nganye. Ngokujonga esi simo emva komsebenzi ngamnye, ukuphathwa kwempazamo kuba lula.

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ICobol Programming kunye neefayile zeVSAM: Inkcazo yeKhowudi

Okokuqala, i KHETHA FILENAME igatya libonisa ukubhengezwa kwegama lefayile. YABELWA KU-'VSAMFILE' ibonisa ukuba inkqubo yethu ye-Cobol iya kubhekisa kwifayile ye-VSAM ngeli gama lefayile yomfuziselo. Ngaphaya koko, igatya elithi UMBUTHO U-INDEXED lichaza ukuba ifayile icwangciswe ngendlela enesalathisi. INDLELA YOKUFIKELELA NGOKUQHELEKILEYO ivumela ukuba nayiphi na irekhodi ifikelelwe ngokuthe ngqo endaweni yokulandelelana.

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Ngokuqinisekileyo, nali inqaku olicelileyo:

Ubuhle beewebhsayithi zale mihla bulele ekusebenzisaneni kwazo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo. Ukufika kweJavaScript kuphefumlele ubomi kwamanye amaphepha ewebhu amileyo, eqinisekisa amava aguqukayo omsebenzisi. Olunye olo phuculo lubandakanya “ukuskrola okungenamagingxigingxi”, ukudibanisa oopopayi kunye namava afanelekileyo omsebenzisi, ukutsala umdla womsebenzisi kunye nokuqhuba ukuzibandakanya. {

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I-Redefines luphawu olunamandla kulwimi lwe-COBOL oluququzelela ukusetyenziswa kwememori ngobulumko. Ivumela umdwelisi ukuba asebenzise indawo efanayo yokugcina idatha eyahlukileyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Inkqubo yokusebenzisa i-redefines yandisa ukusebenza kwekhowudi. Ukuphonononga ngakumbi ukusebenza, makhe sijonge kwisisombululo sayo silandelwa yinkcazo yenyathelo ngenyathelo lekhowudi.

Funda Okuninzi

I-COBOL, isishunqulelo soLwimi oluQeqeshayo lwezoShishino, ibe yinto ehlala ihleli kwishishini kunye necandelo lezemali iminyaka emininzi. Ubukho bayo ixesha elide bubonisa ukubaluleka kwayo kwihlabathi lenkqubo. Ngaphandle kokudalwa phakathi kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, isadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwizicelo zoshishino zanamhlanje, ngakumbi kwimisebenzi ebandakanya ukufundwa kweefayile. Lo msebenzi ubalulekile kuba iifayile ziyindawo yokugcina yokugcina kunye nedatha yefayile yokufunda ngumsebenzi ofunekayo ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo ezininzi zoshishino.

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I-Python Pygments lithala leencwadi eliqaqambileyo eliza kunye nomnyama wamathuba esitayela. Njengomphuhlisi, kufana nokuba nomgaqo weenqwelo-moya uphela wokunikela ngefashoni ezandleni zakho. NgeePygments, unokwenza isitayile ikhowudi yakho ngendlela enyanzelisayo engaphuculi ukufundeka kuphela kodwa iphucula amava omsebenzisi ngokubanzi. Omnye unokuthi, izisa izitayile zefashoni zamva nje kunye neendlela ukusuka kwi-catwalks ukuya kwindawo yakho yokusebenza yenkqubo. Lixesha lokufunda indlela yokufaka kunye nokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iiPython Pygments.

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Amanani aphambili ukubamba indawo ebalulekileyo kwimathematika nakwicomputing. Ngokusisiseko, inani eliphambili linani eli-natural elikhulu kunelinye kwaye alinazahluli ezi-positive ngaphandle kwesinye kunye nayo ngokwayo. Umzekelo, amanani amathandathu okuqala ngu-2, 3, 5, 7, 11, kunye no-13.

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Njengomphuhlisi weCOBOL, ndiyayiqonda indlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukwaphula iingxaki ezinzima zibe ziziqwenga ezilawulekayo. Ngokunjalo, njengengcali yefashoni, ndiyakuqonda ukubaluleka kokwaphula izitayile ezintsonkothileyo kwaye ndijonge kwiindlela eziqondakalayo. Makhe siphonononge indlela “yokushicilela” kwikhowudi yeCOBOL kunye nendlela edibana ngayo nehlabathi lefashoni.

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