Kule nqaku, siza kuphonononga inkqubo yokongeza ikholomu entsha kwiPandas DataFrame, ilayibrari eyaziwayo kwiPython yokuguqulwa kwedatha kunye nohlalutyo. Siza kuxubusha isisombululo sale ngxaki, sihambe ngesinyathelo-by-step inkcazo yekhowudi, kwaye sigubungele izihloko ezihambelanayo kunye nemisebenzi kwilayibrari yePandas. I-Pandas yilayibrari esetyenziswa ngokubanzi enezakhiwo zedatha ephezulu kunye nezixhobo, ezilungele ukuhlalutya kwedatha ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusingatha imisebenzi.
Ukuqala, masicinge ukuba sineseti yedatha ekwimo yePandas DataFrame kwaye sifuna ukongeza ikholamu entsha kuyo. Le yimfuneko eqhelekileyo kwinqanaba lokulungiselela idatha, ehlala ifuneka kubunjineli beempawu okanye ukuvelisa ulwazi olongezelelweyo olusekelwe kwiikholamu ezikhoyo. Makhe sijule kwindlela enokufikelelwa ngayo oku.
Ukongeza ikholamu entsha kwiPandas DataFrame
Siza kuqala ngokungenisa ngaphandle ilayibrari efunekayo kunye nokudala isampuli yeDathaFrame.
import pandas as pd
data = {'Name': ['Alex', 'Tom', 'Nick', 'Sam'],
'Age': [25, 28, 23, 22],
'City': ['NY', 'LA', 'SF', 'Chicago']}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
Ngoku, masiyongeze ikholamu entsha 'yeLizwe' kwiDathaFrame yethu enexabiso elingagqibekanga, yithi 'i-USA'.
df['Country'] = 'USA'
Lo mgca ulula wekhowudi uyakongeza ikholamu entsha ebizwa ngokuba 'yiLizwe' kwiDathaFrame yethu ekhoyo 'df' enexabiso elithi 'USA' kuyo yonke imigca yayo. IDathaFrame yethu ehlaziyiweyo iya kujongeka ngolu hlobo:
Name Age City Country 0 Alex 25 NY USA 1 Tom 28 LA USA 2 Nick 23 SF USA 3 Sam 22 Chicago USA
Inyathelo ngenyathelo ikhowudi inkcazo
Masiyichithe ikhowudi kwaye siyiqonde inyathelo ngenyathelo.
1. Okokuqala, singenisa ilayibrari yePandas sisebenzisa igama eliqhelekileyo elithi 'pd'. Oku kusivumela ukuba sifikelele kwimisebenzi yePandas kunye neeklasi sisebenzisa isimaphambili 'pd'.
import pandas as pd
2. Okulandelayo, sidala 'idatha' yesichazi-magama equlethe idatha yesampulu. Iqhosha ngalinye kwisichazi-magama limele igama lekholamu, kwaye ixabiso layo elihambelanayo luludwe lwamaxabiso aloo kholamu.
data = {'Name': ['Alex', 'Tom', 'Nick', 'Sam'],
'Age': [25, 28, 23, 22],
'City': ['NY', 'LA', 'SF', 'Chicago']}
3. Sithi ke siguqule esi sichazi-magama sibe yinto yePandas DataFrame sisebenzisa `pd.DataFrame()` umsebenzi.
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
4. Ekugqibeleni, ukongeza ikholomu entsha, sisebenzisa ngokulula umqhubi wesabelo "=" kunye neDathaFrame, ukubonelela ngegama elitsha lekholomu ngaphakathi kwezibiyeli zesikwere kunye nokucacisa ixabiso elingagqibekanga. Kwimeko yethu, songeze ikholamu 'yeLizwe' ngexabiso elingagqibekanga elithi 'USA'.
df['Country'] = 'USA'
Ilayibrari yePandas kunye nemisebenzi ehambelana nayo
I-Pandas yilayibrari yePython enamandla, ilungele ngokukodwa ukusetyenzwa kwedatha, ukucoca kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlalutya. Ibonelela ngezakhiwo ezibini eziphambili zedatha: DataFrame kwaye uthotho. I-DataFrame lulwakhiwo lwedatha yetheyibhile enamacala amabini aneexesi ezinophawu (imigca nemiqolo). Uthotho, kwelinye icala, luluhlu olubhalwe macala onke olukwaziyo ukubamba idatha yalo naluphi na uhlobo.
Eminye imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yeePandas enxulumene nokongeza, ukulungisa kunye nokucima iikholamu kwiDathaFrame yile ilandelayo:
- Faka (): Ukufakela ikholamu kwindawo ethile.
- yehla (): Ukususa ikholamu kwiSakhelo seDatha.
- qamba ngokutsha(): Ukuthiya ngokutsha ikholamu yeSakhelo seDatha.
- abela(): Ukwenza umqolo omtsha osekwe kwisiphumo sentetho.
Ke, ukongeza ikholamu entsha kwiPandas DataFrame ilula kwaye iyasebenza. Kule nqaku, siye sagubungela indlela esisiseko yokongeza ikholomu entsha ngexabiso elingagqibekanga kwaye sinike iinkcazo ezicacileyo zamanyathelo abandakanyekayo. Siye sazisa iiPandas njengethala leencwadi elinamandla lokukhohlisa idatha kwaye saxoxa ngemisebenzi enxulumeneyo yokulawula iikholamu zeDathaFrame. Ngobuchule obu buchule, uya kuxhotyiswa kakuhle ukuphatha uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi yokucwangcisa idatha kwiPython.
