Babban matsalar amfani da enum a Python shine cewa yana iya zama da wahala a buga duk zaɓin sa. An bayyana enums a cikin tsarin, don haka kuna buƙatar shigo da shi da farko. Sa'an nan, za ka iya amfani da sunan enum a matsayin m don samun damar membobinta:
daga enum shigo da Enum
Enum.suna
for option in dir(enum):
if not option.startswith('_'):
print(option)
Lambar tana zazzagewa ta duk zaɓuɓɓukan da ke cikin enum module. Idan zaɓin bai fara da alamar ba, yana buga zaɓin.
Enum library
Laburaren enum a Python ɗakin karatu ne wanda ke ba da saiti na dindindin don wakiltar ƙididdiga iri. Ana iya amfani da enums don wakiltar zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, ƙima, ko jahohi, kuma ana iya amfani da su a maimakon na yau da kullun na lamba.
Enums suna da amfani don ayyana nau'ikan al'ada waɗanda za'a iya amfani da su a cikin lambar ku ba tare da kun damu da ainihin wakilcin lambobi ba. Misali, zaku iya amfani da enum don wakiltar nau'ikan fayil daban-daban, ko nau'ikan fakitin software daban-daban.
Don ƙirƙirar enum a Python, da farko kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar aji wanda ke bayyana nau'in ƙidayar. Ya kamata ajin ya sami ƴan ƙayyadaddun kaddarorin masu sauƙi: mai ganowa (misali, “enumFileType”), jerin ƙididdiga masu yuwuwa (misali, [“txt”, “rtf”, “doc”]), da hanyar da ta dawo da madaidaicin ƙimar (misali, getFileType()).
Da zarar kun ƙirƙiri ajin, kuna buƙatar ƙara misali na ajin zuwa lambar ku. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar amfani da maɓallin enum wanda sunan ajin ya biyo baya. Misali, idan kuna son ƙirƙirar enum mai suna “enumFileType” kuma ku adana ƙimarta a cikin masu canji masu suna “fileType1” da “fileType2”, zaku rubuta:
enumFileType = {'txt': fileType1, 'rtf': fileType2}
Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga
Ƙididdiga nau'in bayanai ne a cikin Python wanda ke ba ku damar adana jerin ƙima na musamman. Suna kama da tsararraki, amma ba su da takamaiman girman iyaka. Kuna iya ƙirƙira ƙididdiga ta amfani da kalmar maɓalli na enum.
enum launi {ja, kore, blue}
Kuna iya amfani da ƙididdiga a cikin ƙididdiga kamar yadda za ku yi kowane maɓalli. Misali, zaku iya amfani da su a cikin bayanin sharadi ko azaman ɓangaren madauki. Hakanan zaka iya sanya ƙididdiga ga maɓalli ta amfani da maɓallin enum.
launi myColor = shuɗi;
Samun shiri
Akwai 'yan hanyoyi don samun damar yin amfani da shirye-shirye zuwa bayanai a cikin Python. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce amfani da ginanniyar ƙirar urllib2. Wannan tsarin yana ba da sauƙi mai sauƙi don shiga URLs da samun abubuwan da ke cikin waɗannan URLs.
Wata hanya don samun damar yin amfani da bayanai ta shirye-shirye ita ce amfani da buƙatun laburare. Buƙatun suna ba da ƙarin ƙayyadaddun ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idar aiki don aiki tare da albarkatun yanar gizo, gami da samun damar kukis, zazzage fayiloli, da yin buƙatun POST.
