Dambudziko guru rine chekuita neOOPs muPython kushomeka kwerutsigiro rwenhaka dzakawanda. Python inongotsigira nhaka imwe chete, zvinoreva kuti kirasi inogona kungogara nhaka kubva kukirasi yemubereki mumwe. Izvi zvinogona kudzikisira kana uchiedza kuenzanisira hukama hwakaoma hwepasirese, sezvo zvichitadzisa kugona kugadzira makirasi ane akawanda mazinga ekubvisa. Pamusoro pezvo, hapana yakavakirwa-mukati nzira yekumanikidza encapsulation muPython, izvo zvinoita kuti zviome kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwedata uye kuchengetedza kuverenga kwekodhi.
class Car:
def __init__(self, make, model, year):
self.make = make
self.model = model
self.year = year
def get_make(self):
return self.make
def get_model(self):
return self.model
def get_year(self):
return self.year
# Mutsetse uyu unogadzira kirasi inonzi Mota.
kirasi Mota:
# Mutsetse uyu unotsanangura __init__ nzira, iyo inoshandiswa kutanga hunhu hwechinhu kana chagadzirwa. Zvinotora maparamita matatu - gadzira, modhi uye gore - uye anovapa kune hunhu hwechinhu.
def __init__(iwe, gadzira, modhi, gore):
self.make = make
self.model = muenzaniso
self.year = gore
# Mutsara uyu unotsanangura nzira inonzi get_make inodzosa kukosha kwekuita hunhu hwechinhu.
def get_make(self):
zvidzoke.ita
# Mutsetse uyu unotsanangura nzira inonzi get_model iyo inodzosa kukosha kweiyo modhi hunhu hwechinhu.
def get_model(self):
dzokera pachako.muenzaniso
# Mutsetse uyu unotsanangura nzira inonzi get_year inodzosa kukosha kwegore kuchinhu.
def get_year(self):
return self.year
Object-oriented Programming
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm inoshandisa zvinhu nekudyidzana kwavo kugadzira maapplication nemacomputer programming. OOP muPython inotarisana nekugadzira kodhi inogona kushandiswa zvakare kuburikidza nepfungwa yenhaka, encapsulation, abstraction, uye polymorphism. Nhaka inobvumira vanogadzira mapurogiramu kuti vagadzire makirasi anotora hunhu kubva kune mamwe makirasi. Encapsulation inovanza zvemukati zvechinhu kubva kunze kwekuwana nepo abstraction ichirerutsa kodhi yakaoma nekuviga zvisina basa. Polymorphism inobvumira zvinhu zvakasiyana kuti zvigovane chimiro chakafanana nepo chinhu chimwe nechimwe chichigona kuve nechayo chakasarudzika kuita kweiyo interface. OOP muPython zvakare inoita kuti zvive nyore kuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa kodhi iripo sezvo zvinhu zvitsva zvinogona kugadzirwa nemisiyano midiki mukodhi iripo.
Object oriented programming vs procedural programming
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm inoshandisa zvinhu nekudyidzana kwavo kugadzira maapplication nemacomputer programming. Inotarisa pane data mukati mezvinhu, pamwe chete nenzira dzinoshandiswa kuzvibata. OOP inobvumira vanogadzira kugadzira kodhi inogona kugadziridzwa uye kuwedzeredzwa zviri nyore.
Procedural programming imhando yehurongwa umo mirairo inonyorwa nhanho-ne-nhanho fashoni, ichibvumira kuita kwakanyatsoita kwekuita kwemabasa. Iyi mhando yehurongwa inotarisana nekuputsa matambudziko akaomarara kuita zvidimbu zvidiki, zvinogoneka zvinogona kugadziriswa chimwe panguva.
MuPython, ese ari maviri-anotarisana nechinhu uye maitiro ekuronga paradigms anotsigirwa. Kuronga-kwakanangana nechinhu kunobvumira kurongeka kwekodhi iri nani nekugadzira makirasi uye zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa zvakare muchirongwa chose. Procedural programming inoita kuti zvive nyore kuputsa matambudziko akaomarara kuita zvidimbu zvidiki nekushandisa mabasa kana maitirwo anogona kudaidzwa kakawanda aine ma parameter akasiyana.
Basics conceptos yeOOPs muPython
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) ipurogiramu yepurogiramu inoshandisa zvinhu uye kupindirana kwazvo kugadzira mapurogiramu uye mapurogiramu emakombiyuta. MuPython, pfungwa dzeOOP dzinoshandiswa kugadzira makirasi, ayo anoshandiswa kugadzira zvinhu. Makirasi ane data hunhu uye nzira dzinogona kuwanikwa nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa kubva kwavari. Zvinhu zvinogona zvakare kudyidzana nemumwe kuburikidza nenhaka, kuumbwa, uye polymorphism. OOPs inobatsira vanogadzira kugadzira kodhi inoshanda zvakanyanya nekudzikisa huwandu hwekodhi inodiwa kuita basa. Inobvumirawo kurongeka kwekodhi iri nani uye kugadzirisa kuri nyore.
